Haptens, such as dinitrophenol, are small chemicals that can be bound by specific antibodies but are not immunogenic by themselves. If, however, haptens are coupled to proteins, which serve as carriers, the conjugates are able to induce antibody responses against the haptens. There are three important characteristics of anti-hapten antibody responses to hapten-protein conjugates.
Haptens, such as dinitrophenol, are small chemicals that can be bound by specific antibodies but are not immunogenic by themselves. If, however, haptens are coupled to proteins, which serve as carriers, the conjugates are able to induce antibody responses against the haptens. There are three important characteristics of anti-hapten antibody responses to hapten-protein conjugates.
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